The Application Of Constructivist Theory Education Essay

Following the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 ( NCLB ) and the Persons with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 ( IDEIA ) , pedagogues could no longer merely believe about implementing research-based instruction schemes. These Torahs clearly mandated practicians must utilize theory and research to supply grounds that learning methods lead to improved educational results ( Slocum, Spencer, & A ; Detrich, 2012 ) . Initially rooted in the health care professions, evidence-based pattern ( EBP ) has been adopted by many professions to heighten the practician ‘s ability to be a protagonist of research, usher determinations, and turn to the research-to-practice spread ( Biesta, 2010 ) . A long battle in many subjects continues to be related to the disparity between the methodological analysiss supported in research and what is implemented in existent pattern ( Gall, Gall, & A ; Borg, 2007 ) . This on-going division between practicians and research workers, every bit good as theoreticians and policy-makers, has been recognized, nevertheless, despite the increasing sum of research being done, small has been accomplished towards happening declaration. Researchers assert the consequences of probes are non good understood on the portion of the practician ( Spencer, Detrich, & A ; Slocum, 2012 ) . In contrast, practicians appear to believe the research may non be applicable or existent universe to their field. In add-on, the consequences of research may non be readily available in pattern related diaries ( Torres, Farley, & A ; Cooke, 2012 ) . EBP in instruction and other subjects has been met with the inquiry of whether there is truly a new manner of practising or merely another manner of picturing what has ever been considered standard process. In seeking to contract the research pattern spread in healthcare professions, the usage of EBP is a direct result for a call for client safety. This could use every bit good to instruction related to bettering scholar results ( Spencer et al. , 2012 ) . In healthcare professions, the Institute of Medicine ( IOM, 2011 ) , has described EBP as a decision-making procedure, incorporating the best research support with clinical expertness. For the practician, this should affect turn uping superior external grounds to reply inquiries. Unfortunately, the huge bulk of practicians rely chiefly on their more experient co-workers for way or go on on the same pattern way because that is the manner it has ever been done ( Benner, Sutphen, Leonard, & A ; Day, 2010 ; Langer & A ; Langer, 2009 ) . Either of these methods may take to inaccuracies when non supported by research based grounds and most likely consequence in hapless results ( Langer & A ; Langer, 2009 ) . If the outlook is practicians are to do determinations based on grounds, so the grounds must be relevant, of high quality, applicable, and readily available ( Spencer et al. , 2012 ) . Although the measure of instruction related research has increased since NCLB was enacted, there are few surveies which incorporate precise design processes, such as randomized controlled tests. As a consequence, many practicians find small choice grounds to back up their determination devising ( Butler & A ; Schnellert, 2010 ) . As the EBP motion continues, practicians, research workers, and policymakers are being encouraged to go occupied and collaborate ( Spencer et al. , 2012 ) . Research workers need to seek pedagogue parts in order to turn to pattern related issues. In add-on, supplying consequences of research to practicians in a manner that is clearly understood, more easy accessible, and promote serviceability would lend to contracting the research pattern spread ( Butler & A ; Schnellert, 2008 ) . The execution of resources, such as What Works Clearinghouse ( WWW, 2002 ) , enables practicians, research workers, and policymakers to link. WWW provides strictly designed research for EBP determinations and intervention intercessions. Through the usage of these sites, the practician is able to happen information rapidly without holding to seek through big databases. The execution of EBP in the educational sphere is non optional. The literature indicates there is non a deficiency of grounds, but instead a deficiency of execution ( Spencer et al. , 2012 ) . With the research pattern spread averaging 17 old ages, practicians and research workers must travel the grounds into action ( Spencer et al. , 2012 ) . At the higher instruction degree, instructors must pattern the importance of theory, grounds, and research to their pupils. Many pupils do non understand theory and merely like practicians, find it hard to border for many of the same grounds ( Slocum et al. , 2012 ) . If EBP is to be to the full implemented and the research pattern spread reduced, non merely must practicians and research workers work together, practicians and the practicians of the hereafter must work to understand, use, and visualise the benefits of research.Constructivist TheoryConstructivist attacks to larning hold traditionally been emphasized in higher instruction and are soon considered to be the most normally accepted theoretical account by pedagogues ( Hoic-Bozic, Mornar, & A ; Boticki, 2009 ; Hussain, 2012 ) . Learning is viewed as an active procedure in which old cognition is believed to be foundational ( Holly, Legg, Mueller, & A ; Adelman, 2008 ; Makgato, 2012 ) . The implicit in rule of constructivism is that the scholar is considered a complete person at a societal, cognitive, and affectional degree, which is thought to enrich and intensify the acquisition procedure ( Hrastinski, 2009 ; Ke, 2010 ) . The growing of online and blended class work continues to be important with the bulk of enrolled pupils being of the grownup population ( Allen & A ; Seaman, 2011 ) . Within distance instruction acquisition, much research has been influenced by constructivist and societal acquisition theories ( Hrastinski, 2009 ; Legg, Adelman, Mueller, & A ; Levitt, 2009 ; Makgato, 2012 ) . Despite the volume of research related to online acquisition, there has non been an grownup larning theory, which educators can or will subscribe to, to drive pattern and steer farther research ( Minter, 2011 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) . The six most ideal features which contribute to successful online acquisition are discussed in the literature ( Cercone, 2008 ) . These properties are: a strong relationship between the pupil and the facilitator/instructor, an engaging and collaborative student-to-student connexion, the necessity of contemplation on the portion of the pupil in order to associate new cognition with foundational experience, a sense of community, the application of larning to the real-world ; and motive on the portion of the scholar ( Boling, Hough, Krinsky, Saleem, & A ; Stevens, 2012 ; Jackson, Jones, & A ; Rodriguez, 2010 ; Pelz, 2010 ) . Although all of these features are of import, the edifice of community is considered the critical constituent ( Garrison, 2011 ; Palloff & A ; Pratt, 2011 ) . The success of developing, implementing, and keeping community really frequently leads to the other properties being effectual every bit good ( Garrison, 2011 ; Ruey, 2010 ) . Research related to pupil acquisition and the development of community indicates a positive relationship ( Boling et al. , 2012 ; Hussain, 2012 ) . A survey based on appraising pupils sing their experiences within an on-line community and class public presentation indicated 85 % found the community experience to be positive, which enhanced their acquisition ( Vesely, Bloom, & A ; Sherlock, 2007 ) . Two extra surveies that were focused on perceptual experiences and attitudes of on-line pupils showed a important connexion between scholar satisfaction, pupil interaction, and community and cognition acquisition ( Liu, Magjuka, Bonk, & A ; Lee, 2007 ; Sadera, Robertson, Song, & A ; Midon, 2009 ) . Although the research related to online community development is converting, those in distance instruction contend that in order to achieve deep acquisition, accessing content online and learner interaction is non sufficient ( Garrison, 2009 ; Ke & A ; Xie, 2009 ) . The accent must be about developing quality larning results ( Ke & A ; Xie, 2009 ) . It is believed the best attack to carry throughing this is through the design of collaborative extremely engaged acquisition communities ( Garrison, 2009 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) . Although people glean intending from personal contemplation and critical thought, the duologue which takes topographic point in groups of scholars is what creates cognition ( Garrison, Anderson, & A ; Archer, 2010 ; Garrison, 2011 ) . Online acquisition in the twentieth century was chiefly focused on bridging the physical sweep for those pupils who had restricted entree to instruction ( Garrison 2009 ) . The focal point is now switching to issues related to learning and larning online, engineering, and bettering the anytime-anywhere agencies of interaction. Although these are of import issues, unluckily, they remain geared to the independent pupil instead than to the whole of a community of scholars ( Akyol, Garrison, & A ; Ozden, 2009 ) . Over the last decennary there have been many theoretical parts to the online acquisition subject. Each has reflected patterned advance towards bettering the instruction and acquisition rules ( Garrison, 2011 ) . The inquiry practicians and decision makers are faced with is whether the theories that have been developed antecedently, supply the foundation for traveling on-line larning into the twenty-first century and will these theories support the immense alterations happening with current and future engineering ( Akyol & A ; Garrison, 2008 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) .Application of Constructivist Theory: The Community of Inquiry ModelThe pedagogical every bit good as technological developments are clearly altering the landscape of higher instruction and online acquisition appears to be at the head ( Akyol & A ; Garrison, 2008 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) . Administrators and module must acknowledge those pupils in the higher instruction system today require readying to last in a twenty-first century work force. Current learning methodological analysiss no longer run into the demands of today ‘s scholars and with the call for educational reform, redesign of larning experiences is indispensable. The following of import measure in traveling frontward is the finding of a theoretical model to steer pattern and research in order to supply meaningful larning results every bit good as critical thought ( Garrison, 2011 ; Ke, 2010 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) . The Community of Inquiry ( CoI ) is a dynamic model built on constructivism and societal acquisition with theoretical foundations from Dewey, Vygotsky, and Bruner ( Garrison, Anderson, & A ; Archer, 2000, 2010 ; Garrison, 2009 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) . Developed by Garrison, Anderson, and Archer ( 2000 ) to back up online acquisition pattern and research, the focal point of this model is that successful online acquisition requires knowledge constructing based on the development of community ( Shea et al. , 2012 ) . Within higher instruction scenes, CoI assesses effectivity of online course of study by three nucleus constituents: ( a ) societal presence, ( B ) cognitive presence, and ( degree Celsius ) learning presence ( Garrison, Anderson, & A ; Archer, 2010 ) . These three elements intersect with each other to add to the on-line educational experience as represented in Figure 1. Garrison ( 2011 ) described presence as consciousness or a sense of being that is influenced by learner-facilitator and learner-learner interpersonal communications. Essential to every portion of life is the construct of community. Unfortunately, many are of the belief that larning in conventional on-line coursework is in isolation and hence the construct of community is thought of as major failing ( Garrison, 2009, 2011 ) . Over a decennary has passed since Garrison et Al. ( 2000 ) developed the CoI model. Research utilizing this theoretical account has been extended and appears to formalize the nucleus constituents of societal, cognitive, and learning presence ( Arbaugh, 2007, 2008 ; Kanuka, Rourke, & A ; Laflamme, 2007 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) . Significant, cross-institutional surveies have shown the stableness of the CoI theoretical account ( Arbaugh et al. , 2008 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) . The challenge for research workers wanting to utilize the CoI model has been the deficiency of a common instrument to operationalize the theoretical account in order to mensurate the three presences in an online scene ( Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2009 ; Swan et al. , 2008 ) . In 2007, the CoI Questionnaire ( CoIQ ) was developed and tested in a multiinstitutional survey ( Arbaugh et al. , 2008 ; Swan et al. , 2008 ) . This 34-question Likert study was administered to 287 online alumnus pupils with consequences back uping its usage as a valid instrument. Cronbach ‘s alpha indicated 0.91 for societal presence, 0.95 for cognitive presence, and 0.94 for learning presence ( Arbaugh et al. , 2008 ) . The usage of the CoI study provides research workers with a consistent means to analyze the elements of CoI as related to instruction, and acquisition, every bit good as keeping in on-line instruction ( Garrison, 2011 ) . Bangert ( 2009 ) supported the cogency of the CoI study instrument by look intoing both undergraduate and graduate pupils ( N = 1173 ) in to the full on-line and blended categories. Analysis of study responses were consistent with the three CoI elements. Consequences of this survey indicated the study is an appropriate tool for pull offing the development and execution of on-line class work ( Bangert, 2009 ) . The constructs of societal presence. Social presence is defined as the degree in which the scholar feels connected to other members both socially and emotionally within an on-line scene ( Garrison, 2009, 2011 ) . The ability of scholars to place with each other online is by and large through the usage of asynchronous text. Although this method lacks any sense of gestural communicating and immediateness, both of which build societal presence, pedagogues are frequently challenged by this type of exchange ( Garrison, 2011 ; Shea & A ; Bidjerano, 2010 ) . Garrison and Arbaugh ( 2007 ) noted that the usage of text is frequently more valuable in easing the accomplishment of critical thought. Once societal presence has been established, Akyol and Garrison ( 2008 ) noted cognitive presence is besides enhanced. In contrast to this research, nevertheless, Jahng, Nielsen, and Chan ( 2010 ) studied 12 online alumnus pupils, reasoning that a lessened cognitive interaction occurred when societal communications were increased. This result indicated unneeded clip related to class debuts may good be uneffective as a portion of community development ( Garrison, 2011 ; Shea, Hayes, & A ; Vickers, 2010 ) . Social presence has besides been linked to student perceived acquisition and concluding class classs ( Akyol & A ; Garrison, 2008 ; Caspi & A ; Blau, 2008 ) . Extra support for the credence of a theoretical account for on-line acquisition is related to keeping as abrasion rates are significantly higher than those of on-ground categories ( Boston et al. , 2009 ; Garrison, 2011 ) . A survey of undergraduate on-line pupils ( N = 28,877 ) utilizing the CoI study resulted with the indicant of a important relationship between pupil keeping and societal presence ( Boston et al. , 2009 ) . The constructs of cognitive presence. Cognitive presence describes the grade in which scholars construct cognition through take parting in critical reflective thought and treatment ( Garrison, 2009, 2011 ) . Considered an indispensable constituent of critical thought, cognitive presence is designed within a social-constructivism point of view ( Shea & A ; Garrison, 2008 ) . Cognitive presence has been operationalized through the Practical Inquiry ( PI ) theoretical account that involves four phases: ( a ) the triping event, ( B ) geographic expedition, ( degree Celsius ) integrating, and ( vitamin D ) declaration ( Garrison, Anderson & A ; Archer, 2010 ) . The CoI model supposes that the scholar progresses through each stage of the PI enquiry as reflected in Figure 2 ( Garrison, 2007 ) . In add-on, this procedure requires enhanced learning presence and is often influenced by the societal presence of the group ( Garrison, Anderson, & A ; Archer, 2010 ) . Bai ( 2009 ) noted that many scholars do non clearly understand the necessity for prosecuting in and bring forthing grounds of critical thought in on-line treatment forums. A survey of on-line alumnus pupils in an educational engineering class comparing pupils in the autumn to those in spring was conducted by Bai ( 2009 ) . Fall pupils were provided with a rubric bespeaking the figure of needed stations, due day of the months, suggestions to include outside resources and how to entree forums while the spring group was given a usher utilizing the PI theoretical account with the four phases as classs, including features of each and the accent was on critical thought ( Bai, 2009 ) . Study consequences indicated more than half of the togss in both groups ne'er advanced further than the geographic expedition or brainstorming stage ( Bai, 2009 ) . Those pupils in the spring group, who had been provided the PI theoretical account posting usher, demonstrated higher degrees of interaction and critical thought as compared to those in the autumn group ( Bai, 2009 ) . Arbaugh ( 2007 ) noted cognitive presence is the most hard component for pedagogues to accomplish online. Studies indicated this construct appears to be more related with design, facilitation, and way in relation to learning presence ( Bai, 2009 ; Swan et al. , 2008 ) . The most of import demand in making cognitive presence relates to the facilitator who builds treatment, proctors discourse, and guides scholars to critically believe ( Garrison et al. , 2010 ) . The constructs of learning presence. The 3rd component of CoI is learning presence. The focal point of this construct is on instructional design, facilitation, and the sharing and staging of content by the teacher ( Garrison, 2009 ; Garrison et al. , 2010 ) . Teaching presence is considered critical to the full procedure as it is seen as important in relation to class satisfaction, a feeling of community, and the perceptual experience of acquisition by the pupil ( Garrison, Anderson, & A ; Archer, 2010 ) . A clear apprehension of the kineticss related to the presences is needed if a collaborative CoI is to be created and sustained ( Akyol & A ; Garrison, 2008, Garrison, Anderson & A ; Archer, 2010 ) . In add-on, it must be noted that learning presence is an integrative construct, which brings cognitive and societal presences together ( Garrison et al. , 2010 ) . The function of the pedagogue in an on-line CoI encompasses three primary constituents: ( a ) class instructional design and organisation, ( B ) facilitation of treatment, and ( degree Celsius ) direct direction ( Nagel & A ; Kotze, 2010 ) . Teaching presence online is about keeping balance wherein the teacher ushers and theoretical accounts for the scholar ( Shea et al. , 2010 ) . Once pupils begin to take duty for their acquisition and collaborate every bit good as comprehend content, balance occurs ( Garrison, Anderson & A ; Archer, 2010 ) . Research clearly indicated learning presence influences the success and satisfaction of online scholars ( Arbaugh, 2008 ; Abdous & A ; Yen, 2010, Ke, 2010 ) . Baker ( 2010 ) explored how educator presence and immediateness relates to student motive, knowledge, and affectional acquisition. Undergraduate and alumnus online pupils ( N = 699 ) were surveyed and consequences indicated a positive, but non a statistically important relationship between pupil motive, knowledge, and affectional acquisition, and pedagogue immediateness ( Baker, 2010 ) . Educator presence, nevertheless, was a important forecaster of these three features ( Baker, 2010 ) .CoI CritiqueOver the past 10 old ages a considerable sum of research has been accomplished specifically related to each of the single CoI elements ( Garrison, 2011 ; Garrison, Anderson, & A ; Archer, 2010 ; Lowenthal, Lowenthal, & A ; White, 2009 ) . More late, research workers have begun to utilize the full CoI model to steer online acquisition pattern and future research ( Lowenthal et al. , 2009 ) . Although reappraisal of research indicated the CoI model is valuable in analyzing online acquisition ( Garrison & A ; Arbaugh, 2007 ; Garrison, 2011 ) , others contended there is small grounds the model provides meaningful larning experiences ( Rourke & A ; Kanuka, 2009 ) . Between 2000 and 2008, Rourke and Kanuka ( 2009 ) reviewed literature citing the CoI model. Actual class informations had been examined in merely 48 of the 252 diary articles found. Merely five articles had involved geographic expedition of pupil larning perceptual experiences, which had been reported as a measuring of pupil acquisition. This determination resulted in Rourke and Kanuka ( 2009 ) reasoning CoI research had failed to research the averment that the model comprised of societal, cognitive, and learning presences influenced larning results. Reacting to this reappraisal, Akyol et Al. ( 2009 ) emphasized the CoI was presented as a cognition edifice larning procedure theoretical account based on social-constructivism theory merely. Arbaugh ( 2008 ) noted CoI research indicated societal, cognitive, and learning presences are clearly related to student perceptual experiences of larning. What remains in inquiry is whether there is a true association between meaningful acquisition and pupil ‘s perceptual experiences of acquisition ( Rourke & A ; Kanuka, 2009 ) . In reexamining the literature, there are evident spreads between the CoI presences and larning results. Research has non validated deep acquisition as the unequivocal consequence of the on-line interactions between pupils, content, and facilitator/instructor. The research related to CoI lacks probe of the discrepancies that may be within academic subjects and the impact this may hold on the presences ( Smith, Heindel, & A ; Torres-Ayala, 2008 ) . There is the possibility that much of the research reports merely on single classs instead than several classs and/or a plan. Lowenthal et Al. ( 2009 ) noted there was a strong possibility that differences existed due to the fact that pedagogues and scholars belong to distinctive pattern communities. Additionally, learner engagement in a community may be hard due to linguistic communication every bit good as literacy issues as many subjects have their ain linguistic communication, for illustration, medical specialty, nursing, and jurispruden ce ( Smith et al. , 2008 ) . Recently, Carlon et Al. ( 2012 ) studied 330 undergraduate and alumnus pupils from subjects such as physical therapy ( n=32 ) , nursing ( n=274 ) , and healthcare direction ( n=24 ) utilizing the CoI Survey. Across the subjects, consequences indicated there was no difference in learning presence ; nevertheless, there was a statistically important difference within nursing in the societal and cognitive presence as compared to the other subjects. This survey indicated support for the findings of Shea and Bidjerano ‘s research ( 2009 ) . The design, development, and bringing of an on-line class can besides impact the three presences ( Lowenthal et al. , 2009 ) . Whether a class is developed by an teacher, a group of teachers, or an instructional interior decorator, it will impact presence every bit good as the type of scholar activities developed for the class ( Lowenthal et al. , 2009 ) . Lowenthal et Al. ( 2009 ) noted these issues are seldom considered in the design and development stages.A New Presence: LearningShea, Hayes, and Vickers ( 2010 ) discovered that a significant sum of learning presence occurred outside the on-line treatment forum ; this came in the signifier of electronic mails, messages, and private pupil booklets which were non included in old surveies. The consequences indicated that although all efforts to enter instruction, societal, and cognitive presence online, there was a presence which could non be coded. Shea et Al. ( 2012 ) reviewed 56 surveies which had involved learner self-regulation elements. The research workers concluded on-line scholars were self-regulating to run into class ends and this did non suit within the current CoI theoretical account ( Shea et al. , 2012 ) . Because online acquisition requires a great trade of autonomy on the portion of the scholar, Shea et Al. ( 2012 ) noted that this spread would necessitate to be addressed. The current CoI implies societal presence occurs in isolation and learning presence fails to take pupil parts into consideration. Shea et Al. ( 2012 ) recommended accounting for these failings by suggesting a revised theoretical account that would include parts from both the instructor and pupil every bit good as emphasize socio-cognitive acquisition ( Shea et al. , 2012 ) .DecisionThe CoI model is considered one of the rule theoretical accounts steering research in online higher instruction ( Shea et al. , 2010 ) . Concentrating on the develo pment of the online community, learner cognition is noted as the consequence of collaborative attempt ( Garrison, Anderson, & A ; Archer, 2010 ) . Most of the research utilizing CoI has been limited to the survey of on-line treatments ; nevertheless, this is spread outing to scrutiny of full online and blended classs ( Garrison et al. , 2010 ; Shea et al. , 2012 ) . Although there are acknowledged failings in the CoI theoretical account, research workers continue to research this model with the end of developing a more comprehensive theoretical account and look intoing full classs for the three presences at the same time ( Shea et al. , 2012 ) . The most recent published survey has linked the Quality Matters ( QM ) peer reappraisal plan with CoI ( Swan, Matthews, Bogle, Boles, & A ; Day, 2012 ) . Research workers used the QM and CoI models to redesign an on-line alumnus class associating design, execution, and learner results for the first clip ( Swan et al. , 2012 ) . Initial findings in this on-going probe indicated QM and CoI class alterations can be connected to improved acquisition results. Future probes will find if these two models will work in subjects other than instruction ( Swan et al. , 2012 ) .

Top Topics for an Opinion Essay Guide!

Top Topics for an Opinion Essay Guide! Topics for an Opinion Essay and Topics for an Opinion Essay - The Perfect Combination Thank God it is at the very start of the text. Synonyms are words with the exact same meaning. A comprehensive sentence will enable us to work on supplying reasons utilizing academic language and linking words. To successfully compose an opinion piece, writers must first begin with a good introduction section. Though the span of the topic will mostly depend on the duration of an essay you're going to write, it is is still highly recommended to choose one definite question and adhere to it in your work. How to compose a college level essay composing a bit of writing, regardless of what the genre is, can be a complex task if the appropriate steps aren't taken and. At the start of each paragraph there ought to be a topic sentence. Choose which ideas are perfect to be mentioned at the start, in the major part and at the conclusion of your essay. Once you get your outline, you may keep on track and compose a well-organized essay. You would like an outline first. You've got to go over BOTH of them and also provide your opinion. Your opinion needs to be stated clearly. To earn great marks, you must choose the topic that you've got strong feeling about and support your private opinion about it with strong reasoning. Usually, opinion essay topics ask that you present your point of view on a specific matter. Make sure that the evidence which you use matches your stated opinion. Each one ought to be started with another topic sentence or the principal idea which is going to be supported by strong arguments. To really understand what you argue, it's essential to be familiarized with opposing arguments. In order to genuinely understand what you're arguing for or against, it is crucial that you comprehend the opposing arguments of your topic. Make certain that your essay answers the principal question. Each essay section ought to be written accordingly. Your final statement may be upcoming prediction based on what you've shown in the essay. You can also examine the next page about academic paper writing. Kibin editors are almost always prepared to help. Opinion essay topics are simple to find. Opinion essay examples are simple to find. To start with, it is going to let you overcome the fear of the blank page. Choose one which you get a strong opinion about. Before starting to compose your essay, you should gather information to back up your opinion. On the opposing side, acquiring a list of good persuasive essay topics is insufficient. Supported opinion essays make it possible for students to better their writing, research and critical thinking abilities. Finally, you can't hide from the simple fact you require to compose that paper, so face your fears and begin writing. On our site you'll find a whole lot more useful distinctive information that is certain to be beneficial for junior and higher school kids from, like common home task essay about Hamlet, together with, for instance, application essays for college for future students. Very often it becomes hard to choose one particular topic either on account of the many ideas in the student's head, or due to their complete absence. Argumentative essay is about arguing and debating on a subject, which is debatable. Sources might supply you with just what you demand. Deciding upon a topic is a vital issue that partly estimates final success of the job. To do so, you will need to get a guide to compose the very best essay on the selected topic. Categories, essay topics could possibly be divided into. There are several ways to compose an essay. Thanks to the correct selection of presentation style and a thorough understanding of the goals you need to accomplish in your essay, there are plenty of categories essay themes may be broken into. A personal essay provides the reader a glimpse of your private life experience. There are lots of aspects about a sport that may be argued in an essay. The essay's major goal must be to convince readers that the writer's opinion is accurate. The most important point for writing an intriguing opinion essay is to select a topic which is going to be interesting for you. Deciding upon the correct opinion essay rubric is the initial and the crucial step towards composing a fine bit of writing.

The Story of Suicide Sal by Bonnie Parker

Bonnie Parker  and Clyde Barrow were American criminals during the Great Depression and attracted a cult following while they were alive, which has lasted to today. They died a gruesome and sensational death in a hailstorm of a reported 50 bullets fired at them during an ambush by the police. Bonnie Parker (1910–1935) was only 24 years old. But while Bonnie Parkers name is more often attached to the image of her as a gang member, arsenal  thief, and murderer, she also wrote two poems in the popular social bandit/outlaw folk hero tradition: The Story of Bonnie and Clyde, and The Story of Suicide Sal. The Story of Suicide Sal Bonnie showed an interest in writing at a young age. In school, she won prizes for spelling and writing. She continued to write after she dropped out of school. In fact, she wrote poems while she and Clyde were on the run from the law. She even submitted some of her poems to newspapers. Bonnie wrote The Story of Suicide Sal in spring of 1932 on pieces of scrap paper while she was briefly held in jail in Kaufman County, Texas. The poem was published in newspapers after it was discovered during a raid on  Bonnie and Clydes  hideout in Joplin, Missouri, on April 13, 1933. Dangerous Life Decisions The poem tells the story of a pair of doomed lovers, Sal and Jack, who are desperadoes driven to criminality by circumstances outside of their control. It can be assumed that Sal is Bonnie while Jack is Clyde. The poem is told from the perspective of an unnamed narrator, who then retells a story that Sal once told in the first person. From this piece, readers can glean some details about Bonnies life and thoughts. Beginning with the title, The Story of Suicide Sal makes it clear that Bonnie recognized her highly dangerous lifestyle and that she had premonitions of early death. A Harsh Environment In the poem, Sal says, I left my old home for the cityTo play in its mad dizzy whirl,Not knowing how little of pityIt holds for a country girl. Perhaps this stanza conveys how a harsh, unforgiving, and fast-paced environment made Bonnie feel disoriented. Maybe these emotions set the scene for Bonnies turn to crime. Love for Clyde Then Sal says, There I fell for the line of a henchman,A professional killer from Chi;I couldnt help loving him madly;For him even now I would die....I was taught the ways of the underworld;Jack was just like a god to me. Again, Jack in this poem most likely represents Clyde. Bonnie felt passionate about Clyde, regarding him as a god and willing to die for him. This love probably prompted her to follow him in his line of work. Lost Faith in Government Sal continues on to describe how she gets arrested and is eventually imprisoned. While her friends are able to rally some lawyers to defend her in court, Sal says, But it takes more than lawyers and moneyWhen  Uncle Sam  starts shaking you down. In American culture, Uncle Sam is a symbol that represents the U.S. government and is supposed to inspire patriotism and a sense of duty—a noble figure, so to speak. However, Bonnie paints Uncle Sam in a negative light by describing violent actions, like shaking you down. Perhaps this phrase speaks to Bonnie and Clydes belief that the government system had failed them, a common feeling among many people during the Great Depression. Bonnie/Sal continues to paint the government in a negative light by saying, I took the rap like good people,And never one squawk did I make. In describing herself as a good and compliant person, Bonnie implies that the government and/or the police are unfairly vilifying citizens trying to hustle and make ends meet during the Great Depression.

My Writing As A Writer - 1436 Words

I would have to say that I am closer to a writer than I use to be, but I’m also not where I would like to be. I was always told that I was a natural writer until I got to high school. Everyone either caught up to my level, surpassed it, or I plateaued. Trying to improve myself, I took honors and AP English literature. Unfortunately, I had only felt worse about my writing when I got to AP. My teacher, Mrs. Tomaselli, never gave anyone A’s so I did not feel too bad about myself, but gave no positive feedback. I did however compare a piece of writing I was very proud of that I did in 11th with a recent piece, both about my Polychondritis. The two pieces made me see the evolution of my writing. As far as the class English 101 goes, I have†¦show more content†¦These sentences do not make anyone feel the pain I was feeling, the reader just knows what I needed to do if my ears looked like balloons. For comparison, here is an excerpt from the second paper of my emotion s while eating what was thought to be a perfect peanut butter and jelly sandwich; â€Å"As I bite down, the taste of iron floods my mouth causing me to immediately search my sandwich for the tiny pink pill. I found the light circle filled with venom in what I thought was a perfect sandwich as tears begin to fill my eyes.† (Galanti, Courtney). There is an abundance of description in the second piece that the first one lacks. I feel as though the reader understands what I was going through on a daily in â€Å"Old at the age of four†, but also feeling it as if they were there. Another problem with â€Å"Me, Myself, and Polychondritis† that I had found later on, was the fact that I was not relatable and I continued to explain my emotions very plainly. Grant it, the whole disorder is not relatable but as I read back over the paper, it was like a robot trying to show emotion. For example, â€Å"In my head it seemed like the problems never ended and no one was going t hrough what I was going through. I am a triplet, with a brother and sister and they did not have these problems. My friends and family did not understand.† These sentences do not make the reader feel a lone like I did. I unsuccessfully was trying to portray authentic feelings as to why IShow MoreRelatedMy Writing As A Writer943 Words   |  4 PagesBeing a writer is not something that comes easy, it is something that must be worked at. You get better at it over time by practicing and improving your writing skills through the help of tools or other people. I persobnally wanted to better my own writing askills, so I began identifying my problems and finding resources to help better those fields in which I need help. My most major problems as a writer include my style or wirting, transitioning, and forming complete paragraphs. 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Can We Talk Free Essays

CAN WE TALK? RESEARCHER TALKS ABOUT THE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN HAPPY MARRIAGES JOSEPH BUTLER COM 200 INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION PAUL HUBBLE September 11, 2012 Yes I can relate to the article on the importance of self- disclosure in relationships, without revealing this sensitive information about one’s inner desires or should I say one’s personal feelings there will be limited knowledge of that person’s private feelings in the relationship. Terri Orbuch, a research scientist at the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan wrote; â€Å"In 1987, a review in the journal of sex and Marital Therapy found that higher rates of self- disclosure were tied with higher rates of marital satisfaction. Expression of love and support was also linked to happy marriages. We will write a custom essay sample on Can We Talk or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Tribune News Service [Washington] 17Jan 2011. My spouse had this very hard way of expressing her inner feelings to me. We lived each day wandering or trying to figure out what to say to one another at times. Also we would live and sleep together as strangers without knowing what or if a problem exist in the relationship. It is hard to live with someone and not know that person in the relationship, intimately or sexually. Yes, I agree that self- disclosure is important to satisfaction in relationship. Yes, there are certain similarities in gender concerning the role played by each in a relationship. Terri Orbuch who wrote;† Affective Affirmation†Ã¢â‚¬â€Basically, behavior that makes your partner feel loved, cared for or special—plays a role in happy marriages and that men need it more than women. † Tribune News Service [Washington] 17 Jan 2011. Doris Wild Helmering, Happy Marriages, part two wrote; â€Å"People who have good marriages are not critical of each other. The spouses realize that their partners have flaws and no one is perfect. When they see shortcomings in their spouse, they smile and think, â€Å"So what†, or â€Å"Who cares? † With flaws that they are not able to easily discount, they ask their spouse for help. † [St. Louis,Mo. ] 02 Oct. My spouse and I find a common ground, if one think there is a problem let the other know so that we do not have to live with the problem. No, I do not think I fit into the generalization regarding ender. I live open minded and flexible in my relationship with a spouse. Reference Doris, W. H. (1995, Oct 02), Happy Marriages, part- two. St. Louis Post- Dispatch (pre- 1997 Full text), pp. 04-04, E. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/305087665? accountid=32521Schoen Shoenberg, N. (2011Jan 17), Can We Talk? Researcher talks about the role of communication in happy marriages. McClatchy – Tribune News Service,pp. n/a. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/840600645? accountid=32521Schoen How to cite Can We Talk, Papers

Implementation Issues - Future Opportunities and Mitigation

Question: Desribe about driveway Resurfacing risk logs, risk associated with regulation of data compliance and strategies to mitigate strategic issues. Answer: Introduction: Risk can be defined as anything negative to the organization that can hamper the success of the organization. Risk can hamper the accomplishment of mission of any organization. Risk management is a way of identifying the risk and measuring the impact of that risk in the organization. This particular assignment firmly focuses on identifying various risk factor of driveway project and measuring the impact of those risks within the organization. The study also discusses various mitigation strategies in order to mitigate the harmful effects risks and demonstrating positive effect of those strategies. Driveway Resurfacing risk logs: Following are some of risks associated with driveway projects. Various risk control areas and issues are also shown here. Management Risk: Management of the organization face this problem in governance and enterprise regarding data security. Despite of implementing various security management tools many organizations realise that these strategies are inadequate for securing their important data. Many organizations never analyse the risk of security management. They do not realise that the security issues are related to the strategies of the organization (Adam, 2015). Due to weak implication of security management, much important information can be stolen. This can hamper the success of an organization. There is a risk of data loss because of inadequate compliance in security. Data can be unrecoverable. Important business record can be lost forever. The strategies for data security of an organization: It a major challenge of the management of an organization to secure data. Every organization needs to safeguard its intellectual and confidential data. Organizations should think beyond the existing way of data security and implement the strategies for securing data: Protecting other and own information: In order to sustain the business relationship an organization needs to ensure that the informations of customers and business partners are safe (Huard, 2015). The driveway project should establish privacy system in order to secure important data of the organization. Understanding of whom to trust: Management of the organization should think about the right person to deliver the important data of the organization. In order to maintain the credibility of the information the organization should chose a trustable person while delivering any information. Choosing standards to apply: Government has been introduced various types of rule in order to motivate the organization to protect confidential data. Responsibilities can be varied according to the organizational type and type of risk associated with it (Klein, 2015). Management of the organization should establish a standard in policies to protect confidential data. Opportunities of Data security by the management: Protection of confidential data: Data security provides protection of valuable information. Information is the most important asset of any organization. Organization can stay ahead of their competitors if they can manage a proper data security system. Data protection can ensure persistence of valuable data. It can also give back up to the confidential data of the organization. Client concern: If the management of the organization ensure their customers that they are using a proper security system in their organization it can feel their customers more confident with the organization (Robinson Church, 2015). It keeps the organization ahead of their competitors. Meeting current standards helps to stay reliable. Data security allows authentic person to use authentic data. Risk associated with regulation of data compliance: In the terminology of data storage data compliance refers to rules and regulation government that need to be maintained for compliance of those rules and regulation. Each organization needs to collect, process, and dispose the personal data that ensures that information are protected with appropriate measures of security (Tiwari Joshi, 2015). Due to not maintaining compliance with proper audit system the following risk can be raised: Risk of data compliance: Organization face a huge risk in the adherence of regulatory guidelines of the organization. Auditors reviews the policies of the organization that not compliant with the standards of the organization. Sometimes the organization fails to protect the important data of the organization. Unauthorised persons start to access data that are not for their use. It decreases the confidentiality of important data becomes obsolete. Legal and ethical issues: Organization often faces various ethical and legal issues because of not maintain the audit management properly. Organization often feels health and security problem due to not adhering to the safety measures of the organization. Audit management often failed to realise potential concern of the employees. Technological issues are also the major legal issues of the audit management. Transparency: Maintaining transparency within the organization it the prime task of any audit management. Sometimes the audit management of an organization fail to keep transparency in the organization (Robinson Church, 2015). They fail to maintain the rule and regulations of the organization. Degradation of governance: Sometime audit management fail to provide control on the issues of the organization. Audit management are generally expected to maintain a fair and pleasant working condition in the workplace. Sometime the audit management tem fail to observe the overall working condition and rules of the organization. Strategies for effective auditing of the organization: Definition of stakeholders expectation: In order to create a effective ways of audit the management of the organization should define the expectation of the stakeholders and asses that whether their policies would be successful achieving the expectation of them. The audit managers should assess the risk associated with it. Articulate the mission: An appropriate mission statement helps to identify the responsibility and priorities of senior management and the team of audit management (Alzeban, 2015). This statement helps to decide the amount of money that will be needed to focus on internal control of the organization. Formal strategic plan: The audit management team should integrate the risk and monitoring function like legal, security and fraud risk of the organization. An appropriate strategic plan helps the organization to audit the risks in correct time. Developing audit plan: The audit management team develop an effective auditing plan in accordance with the objective of the organization (Henderson, Cheney Weaver, 2014). Risk management should assess the fact that how the potential event will effect in achieving the goal of the organization. Current budget and multi year budget: Sufficient information should be collected about the current as well as future budget of the auditing process. Auditing budget should be flexible according to the policies of the organization. Assessing needed skills: The auditing management team of the organization should identify the proper skills needed to the auditing process. The organization should identify high quality professional in order to achieve proper auditing process. Developing methodology: Internal audit member can be hired externally and internally. The technology used in the process of auditing process can greatly affect the effectiveness of the process (Klein, 2015). Data analysis software should be used by the auditing team of the organization. Communication protocol: An effective communication protocol should be established by the audit management team of the organization in order to communicate with executives of the organization (Conradt, Finger Sprri, 2015). Progress report should be generated by the audit members of the organization in order to mitigate the problems associated with the findings of the auditing process. Measuring the results: It is very important for the audit team of the organization to track and control the performance of auditing process. The tem must comply with the legal aspects of the organization. Opportunities of audit management: Audit management of the team provides information about the organization after analysing the policies and regulation of the organization. It helps to operate the business of the organization smoothly (Fontaine, Khemakhem Herda, 2015). It provides suggestion to achieve the goal of the organization. Audit team of the organization provides immediate response to the immediate team of the organization. Strategic risk: Strategic risk of is defined by the uncertainties in strategic intent of the organization. The strategic department of the organization sometimes failed to select the contractors for the development of the project. The team may become unable in order to achieve strategic alignment. Organizational readiness can be hampered by the cultural and socio economic condition of the organization. Strategic issues sometimes may relate to inability of identification of alternative suppliers (Eunjae Lee, 2015). Organization may sometimes classify improper classification in defining the requirements. Strategies to mitigate strategic issues: Choosing suppliers: During the purchasing of goods in the organization uncertainty of the suppliers may hamper the manufacturing process of the organization. So the Strategic management of the organization should be very care careful when choosing suppliers for the organization. Regulation of the risk: Environmental regulation should be prime task of strategic management of the origination. The strategic management of the team should establish some policies about regulating the environment in which it operates its business (Henderson, Cheney Weaver, 2014). The Strategic management of the organization should also establish policies in order to mitigate the issues associated with the socio cultural issues of the organization. Opportunities of the strategic management: Strategic management helps an organization to backup the source of the suppliers of an organization. It helps to identify various sources from where effective supplier can be obtained. Strategic management helps to gather proper data that should be provided to the contractors of the organization with whom the organization has a business deal. Due to strategic management the project can meet the social benefits. Conclusion: This particular study has concluded some factor about the risk associated the driveway project. This study shows that how this risk effects the performance of the project of any organization. The study also analyse some mitigation techniques in order to mitigate the effects of those risks. Some opportunities associated with the risk management of different team have also been described in this particular study. Reference list Adam, I. (2015). Backpackers' risk perceptions and risk reduction strategies in Ghana.Tourism Management,49, 99-108. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2015.02.016 Akhtar, M., Mittal, R. (2015). Implementation issues and their impact on strategic performance management system effectiveness an empirical study of Indian oil industry.Measuring Business Excellence,19(2), 71-82. doi:10.1108/mbe-07-2013-0040 Alzeban, A. (2015). Influence of Audit Committee Industry Expertise on Internal Audit.IJBM,10(4). doi:10.5539/ijbm.v10n4p26 Conradt, S., Finger, R., Sprri, M. (2015). Flexible weather index-based insurance design.Climate Risk Management. doi:10.1016/j.crm.2015.06.003 Eunjae Lee,. (2015). A Study on implication Strategic Issues of the German e-Logistics System.Theebusinessstudies,16(1), 39-61. doi:10.15719/geba.16.1.201502.39 Fontaine, R., Khemakhem, H., Herda, D. (2015). Audit committee perspectives on mandatory audit firm rotation: evidence from Canada.Journal Of Management Governance. doi:10.1007/s10997-015-9308-2 Henderson, A., Cheney, G., Weaver, C. (2014). The Role of Employee Identification and Organizational Identity in Strategic Communication and Organizational Issues Management about Genetic Modification.International Journal Of Business Communication,52(1), 12-41. doi:10.1177/2329488414560278 Huard, B. (2015). The data quality paradox.Network Security,2015(6), 18-20. doi:10.1016/s1353-4858(15)30051-9 Klein, V. (2015). Write On! Publishing in the Journal of Healthcare Risk Management.Journal Of Healthcare Risk Management,34(4), 4-5. doi:10.1002/jhrm.21166 Lafuente, G. (2015). The big data security challenge.Network Security,2015(1), 12-14. doi:10.1016/s1353-4858(15)70009-7 Robinson, K., Church, K. (2015). SEC IM staff issues guidance update on mixed and shared funding.Journal Of Investment Compliance,16(2), 30-32. doi:10.1108/joic-04-2015-0023 Tiwari, P., Joshi, S. (2015). Data Security for Software as a Service.International Journal Of Service Science, Management, Engineering, And Technology,6(3), 47-63. doi:10.4018/ijssmet.2015070104

The Teleological Argument Questioning the Existence of the Maker of All

Introduction: Looking into the Essence of the Argument Since the dawn of the human race, people have been concerned with the existence of a supernatural being that they own their lives to. With God being the supreme creature, everything else is believed to be His doing and, therefore, having a specific purpose. The given statement, though, raises many questions concerning the purpose of the things and phenomena that are generally considered useless, as well as the things and phenomena that produce objectively deteriorating effect on the universe and its elements.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Teleological Argument: Questioning the Existence of the Maker of All specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thesis statement: Since the purpose of certain elements of the universe can be questioned or has not yet been discovered by people, it can be argued that the teleological argument should be considered the ultimate trut h. As it has been stated above, a number of objects and phenomena do not seem to have their own purpose – or, to be more exact, their purpose quite hard to define. The given state of affairs is quite natural, since people do not possess absolute knowledge. However, the absence of the necessary links between certain objects can shake one’s convictions concerning the Creationist postulates. Taking the Argument with a Grain of Salt: Concerning the Existing Objections To address the issue in question in the most efficient way, the existing contradictions to the teleological argument must be considered. Taking a closer look at the objections to the ideas offered above, one can see the complexity of the issue in question. Natural selection and the existing biological complexity The idea that every single element depends on another one and cannot work properly without it, which the teleological argument is based on, does not seem so legit when considering the fact that the pr ocess of natural selection is generally considered inadequate.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the given idea presupposes that a number of creatures develop organs that do not seem to have any purpose or specific function in their bodies. One of the most graphic examples of the given statement is the fact that in complex organs, every element alone is useless, yet when all of them are out together, they start a clockwork process. Where logics fails: the inconsistencies of the universe design Another peculiar idea to be considered is Kant’s conclusion that God’s existence is not a predicate. There is no point in mentioning how many misconceptions the given statement spawned and how many of them remain unresolved even now. One of the most notorious questions is whether Kant meant predicate as a grammatical or philosophical unit (Moore). However, the way in whic h Moore puts the solution to the problem, i.e., the idea that God’s existence does not add anything to the context in which people understand existence, presupposes that the existence of the rest of the objects and phenomena cannot be considered as filled with purpose. Exploring the Links between the Elements of the Universe: Responses to the Objections Even though the objections listed above seem quite legitimate, they can also seem doubtful when the opposing opinions are considered. Natural selection and the existing biological complexity Weirdly enough, natural selection can also be the proof that the teleological argument is true. As a matter of fact, even Darwin, who is believed to have shaken the postulates of theosophy with his â€Å"outrageous† idea of natural selection, agreed that some of the stages of development, like the development of separate parts of an eye, do not hold water. Therefore, it seems that the idea of everything complex developing from simpl er things is not always true.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Teleological Argument: Questioning the Existence of the Maker of All specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The given discovery can be interpreted from the standpoint of purpose as well: what had its purpose from the very start did not need to develop: â€Å"Typically, the proponents of ‘intelligent design’ point out that complex organs such as the eye are constructed of numerous parts, each of which appears to be useless except when working with the others. How are we to conceive of the evolution of all these parts?† (Rachels and Rachels 19). Thus, the law of natural selection works as a proof for the teleological argument. Existence as a predicate: when two ideas collide As for the argument that the elements of the universe cannot have a purpose since the Maker obviously does not, it can be argued that God designed the world so tha t its elements could have the purpose, whether he does or does not. Conclusion: When Everything Has its Own Purpose Judging by the arguments offered above, one can claim with sufficient amount of certainty that most of the things or phenomena that people are familiar with serve a specific purpose. Therefore, the objections against the given arguments, though reasonable, seem invalid. However, it is equally hard to confirm the given idea; since it is impossible to take account of all elements of the universe, the teleological argument is most unlikely to ever be proven. Once again, it has become clear that religious beliefs are a question of faith, not reason. Works Cited Moore, George Edward. â€Å"Is Existence a Predicate?† Aristotelian Society Supplementary xv(1936): 185. Rachels, James and Stuart Rachels. Problems from Philosophy. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2009. Print. This essay on The Teleological Argument: Questioning the Existence of the Maker of All was written and submitted by user Belen Hurley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.